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  • Lake Metabolism at North Temperate Lakes LTER 2000
  • Bade, Darren; NTL LTER
    Carpenter, Stephen; University of Wisconsin
    Hanson, Paul; University of Wisconsin
  • 2002
  • Bade, D., S. Carpenter, and P. Hanson. 2013. Lake Metabolism at North Temperate Lakes LTER 2000 ver 4. Environmental Data Initiative. https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/d46bedaa3af0d043f594d75010f65370 (Accessed 2025-07-25).

  • Recent literature suggests that for many lakes and rivers, the respiratory breakdown of organic matter (R) exceeds production of organic matter by photosynthesis (gross primary production; GPP) within the water body. This metabolic balance (GPP less than R; heterotrophy ) implies that allochthonous organic matter supports a portion of the aquatic ecosystems respiration. Evidence that many lakes are heterotrophic comes from diverse approaches, and debate remains over the circumstances in which heterotrophy exists. The methods used to estimate GPP and R and the limited extent of lake types studied, especially with respect to dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations, are two reasons for differing conclusions. In this study, O2 and CO2 sondes were deployed during July and August, 2000 to measure diel gas dynamics in the surface waters of 25 lakes in the Northern Highland Lake district of Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. The lakes were chosen to span wide and orthogonal ranges in DOC and TP concentrations. From these data, we calculated GPP, R and net ecosystem production (NEP=GPP-R). Over the broad range in TP and DOC among the lakes, diel CO2 and O2 changed on a near 1:1 molar ratio. Metabolism estimates from the two gases were comparable, except at high pH. Most lakes in our data set had -NEP, but GPP and R appeared to be controlled by different factors. TP correlated strongly with GPP, whereas DOC correlated with R. At low DOC concentrations, GPP and R were nearly equal, but at higher DOC, GPP and R uncoupled and lakes had -NEP. Strong correlations between lake metabolism and landscape related variables suggest that allochthonous carbon influences lake metabolism. Sampling Frequency: Chemical parameters and physical properties sampled from 1 to 4 times during the summer. Time series data step is 30 minutes. Number of sites: Time series data for 25 lakes. Chemical and physical data from 31 lakes.

  • N: 46.3      S: 45.9      E: -89.33      W: -89.75
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  •  (9 downloads) 
  • Data Entities:
    1. lakemet1_timeseries  (248.0 KiB; 25 downloads) 
    2. lakemet1_chemphys.csv  (3.6 KiB; 26 downloads) 
  • Data Policies Copyright Board of Regents, University of Wisconsin, Madison. This information is released to the public and may be used for academic, educational, or commercial purposes subject to the following restrictions: The Data User must realize that these data sets are being actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the NTL lead Principal Investigator, leadpi@lter.limnology.wisc.edu, to check on other uses of the data. Where appropriate, the Data User may be encouraged to consider collaboration and/or co-authorship with original investigators. The Data User must realize that the data may be misinterpreted if taken out of context. We request that you provide the NTL lead Principal Investigator, ATTN: Data Access, Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 680 North Park St., Madison, WI 53706 with a copy of any manuscript using the data so that it may be reviewed and comments provided on the presentation of our data. The Data User must acknowledge use of the data by an appropriate citation (see Citation) of the NTL-LTER database. A generic citation for our databases is: name of data set, North Temperate Lakes Long Term Ecological Research program, NSF, contact person for data set, Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin-Madison. The data set name and contact person for each data set can be found in the metadata header of the online data sets. The Data User must send two reprints of any publications resulting from use of the data to the address above. We would like to include such manuscripts in our LTER publications list. The Data User must not redistribute original data and documentation without permission from Emily Stanley, lead Principal Investigator, (ehstanley@wisc.edu). While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available "as is". The North Temperate Lakes LTER shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of data sets. Data users should be aware that we periodically update data sets. Our goal is to release all long term data associated with core research areas within 2 years of collection. These data and accompanying metadata will be available for download from the NTL-LTER web site. By using these data, the Data User agrees to abide by the terms of this agreement. Thank you for your cooperation.
  • https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/d46bedaa3af0d043f594d75010f65370
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